PEMF Signals, Parameters
People try to understand electromagnetism intuitively.
As a result, many misunderstandings about frequencies (and others) exist in the world of PEMFT.
On this page, we explain the essential parameters of a PEMFT signal.
Electromagnetism
Electromagnetism is an interaction between electricity and magnetism.
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1) Electric currents generate magnetic fields.
We use this effect in the coils of a PEMF device, where a pulsed electric signal causes a pulsed electric current through the coils, generating a pulsed magnetic field.
2) Pulsed magnetic fields generate electric fields.
During a Lorem X treatment, the pulsed magnetic field induces an Electrical Field over every cell in the body.
Maxwell
We can intuitively understand basic electricity (Direct Current and only pure resistors).
Before Maxwell, pulsed electrical signals, Alternated Current, the involvement of inductors and capacitors, and the interaction between electricity and magnetism were poorly understood.
Maxwell could describe ALL electromagnetic interaction in four differential equations.
Maxwell's four Laws fully describe the electric and magnetic fields arising from distributions of electric charges and magnetic fluxes and how those fields change in time.
Einstein: "I stand on the shoulders of Maxwell."
Understanding the Maxwell Laws is essential to understanding how a PEMF device works and the healing it causes (induced Electric field in a Cell).
PEMF Signal Parameters
Wave Form
PEMFT heals cells by inducing an electro potential over the cells.
Let's look at which parameters influence this induced electro potential.
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We can assume that a cell's geometry is fixed and does not change during the PEMF treatment.
By doing so, Maxwell's third law is a little easier to interpret with fixed time-independent surfaces and volumes. We can bring the differentiation under the integral sign:
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Now, we can see that:
The induced Electro Potential over a cell (E) is only a function of the first partial derivative of the magnetic flux to time (dB/dt). The coil geometry and configuration do limit the maximum achievable dB/dt.
CONCLUSION: To optimize a PEMF treatment, we must optimize the magnetic coils AND the signal's waveform.
The max dB/dt is a vital equipment specification of a PEMF device.
The problem is that most PEMFT device producers do not mention the max dB/dt on their spec sheets. Or worse, manufacturers often do not know the value, and their equipment is not optimized for PEMFT.
An exception (beside us) is Medtronic. Their spec sheets mention the max dB/dt (and used pulse width). See the spec sheet of their D88 Magventure; frequencies and magnetic field strength are not mentioned because they are not important PEMF parameters.
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Lorem X Adaptive Amplifier
When a signal with a good dB/dt is connected to a magnetic coil, the signal is deformed by the coil's inductance's inertion effect. As a result, the PEMFT effect will not be as optimum as expected.
We solved this inherent PEMFT equipment problem by developing a proprietary Adaptive Amplifier that delivers Optimal, adapted wave shapes, considering the inductive loads.
Signal Frequency
The third law of Maxwell does not mention frequency.
The only parameter in the formula is how the signal changes, dB/dt.
This means that the waveform, not the frequency, is of first importance for inducing the optimal Electropotential over a cell.
Many scientific publications about PEMF discuss the strength and frequency of the magnetic field without mentioning the prime important parameter, the dB/dt, or the signal's waveform. This shows a lack of understanding of FEMFT.
Yes, for a particular waveform, e.g., sinus, the dB/dt of the signal will increase with increasing frequencies, but the influence is neglectable compared to the influence of the waveform.
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However, the frequency of the PEMF signal is essential due to the electromechanical resonance effect it creates.
Every cell, or cell-group structure, has an optimal specific frequency.
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The Lorem X has a frequency range from 0.05 Hz - 300 Hz.
Signal Magnetic Strength
Magnetic Field: symbol H, unit A/m
Magnetic Flux: symbol B, unit T (Tesla)
Like with frequency, the Magnetic Flux Strength is not a parameter in the third law of Maxwell. As a result, the magnetic flux strength is not essential for an efficient PEMFT. Waveform is.
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For safety, our protocols only reach a maximum of around 170 μT.
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Signal Duty Cycle
To achieve effective pulse widths, the duty cycle (DC) of a PEMF signal should be a function of the frequency.
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In FEMFT, the ramp-up and ramp-down of the signal are significant.
It is not beneficial for a signal to stay up for a long time, but it should be sufficiently long. The signal's duty Cycle controls this and is frequency-dependent.
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Range of DC used in our protocols:
DC = 0.1% - 50%
Signal Variety
When a body is stimulated, it becomes used to that specific stimulation, and the stimulation effect decreases after time, typically minutes.
The same happens with PEMFT. After a while, the PEMFT efficiency decreases when the signal remains constant during treatment.
The strength of using a Samsung Galaxy tablet as a signal generator is that we can program high-quality signals with different frequency periods, frequency sweeps, and frequency modulation with optimized modulation depth and modulation range, so we keep productive stimulation during longer treatments.
Signal Polarity
The Lorem X uses DC signals.
For high efficiency, AC signals should not be used in PEMF devices.
Wellness Protocols
Besides the PEMF signal having:
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Optimal waveforms (Law of Maxwell)
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The right effective frequencies
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The correct strength
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The correct duty cycle
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Signal variety
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Generated by means of an Adaptive Amplifier
Decisions have to be made about the strategy of the protocol.
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REFERENCES
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J. C. Maxwell, “A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism,” Clarendon, Oxford, 1873.